India and the European Union have agreed to deepen cooperation on the peaceful uses of nuclear energy, fusion research and advanced innovation under the Joint India-EU Comprehensive Strategic Agenda released after the 27 January 2026 summit. The two sides reaffirmed collaboration under the India-Euratom agreement signed in July 2020, which focuses on nuclear research and development, radiation safety, nuclear security, non-power applications of atomic energy and radio-pharmaceuticals used for medical diagnosis and therapy. They also committed to strengthening engagement in ITER, the multinational fusion programme aimed at demonstrating the feasibility of nuclear fusion as a long-term clean energy source, through closer scientific exchange and technical cooperation. Beyond nuclear energy, India and the EU agreed to expand joint research under Horizon Europe, the EU’s main research and innovation framework, covering sectors such as energy, health, semiconductors, biotechnology, agri-food, water and advanced materials. The agenda also addressed India’s concerns over the EU’s Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism, with commitments on non-discriminatory treatment, technical cooperation on recognising carbon prices and verifiers, and financial and technical support to help partners comply with evolving carbon standards.